B.ED 1.5

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-oRn3SmhM9fh1u5qdDA-nt9bJSXx9hx-GQmbnwriOeKJees9mE6bUGKrIR530o-lqx3laiy2SUnjbdwOi2BTAm6DpzPtMPJPJV_CnaBtsDaJ6owuvrnZxHCDVvortMwEkw3xR28WOus3Wr8mGoDk7DLutYglIn9qWcFZfH1rTha4X5tQAlIGMYlcXWQ/s1200/Leader_vs_manager_-_Cover_Image.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="630" data-original-width="1200" height="306" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-oRn3SmhM9fh1u5qdDA-nt9bJSXx9hx-GQmbnwriOeKJees9mE6bUGKrIR530o-lqx3laiy2SUnjbdwOi2BTAm6DpzPtMPJPJV_CnaBtsDaJ6owuvrnZxHCDVvortMwEkw3xR28WOus3Wr8mGoDk7DLutYglIn9qWcFZfH1rTha4X5tQAlIGMYlcXWQ/w584-h306/Leader_vs_manager_-_Cover_Image.jpg" width="584" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div style="text-align: left;"><h1 style="text-align: left;">CATEGORY---A</h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBfZ1KViaQ-1TR_IO6wat9f1tkU2QigHhRmY-l_b7Jh-1HOI047tzJiUKLmKo-Oo3odw6z3C32bO99hc7Fcs0DaecPAR56F05aTheTxqxPv-o9yk2a8vyasP0lI8yNNA1JwKnHN89YNLVJUaOojeR2OA6uNxfQt_Ir8M4eY5yYbXub3_rvyiq-2nyI0Q/s2100/602-01.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1290" data-original-width="2100" height="383" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBfZ1KViaQ-1TR_IO6wat9f1tkU2QigHhRmY-l_b7Jh-1HOI047tzJiUKLmKo-Oo3odw6z3C32bO99hc7Fcs0DaecPAR56F05aTheTxqxPv-o9yk2a8vyasP0lI8yNNA1JwKnHN89YNLVJUaOojeR2OA6uNxfQt_Ir8M4eY5yYbXub3_rvyiq-2nyI0Q/w622-h383/602-01.jpg" width="622" /></a></div> </h1>1-💢 <a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1OHDQJAxKO2b8j1nz0oaDQkHrGOJyM9nI/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download Mid-Term Exam Handouts (Spring 2022)</a> <div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="209" data-original-width="2501" height="52" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhlMknb9fQv0w9aA8FHJdekTNT2FSU5zPTUoxxTaafI0Aij3V_S2vBMhMk5rWAyO0V8YEm29f6GXnUQtAoiRN1J7E4ao3m2CKLnIFEcJtTVDM1_6a0ZH1DtpMIrndSSHllR8F60OPHsmLRQWNNQRZDNw8DGyAhVnIwqoFyg-Tjbj03ruangP4tQunSh-A/w631-h52/4i88GgaV8qiFkxbnGCXnHPUK3daVLCQA4oDc4ixsS9oDUuCq64xdeMfiHtWtkqAHQDdgEdtGfnzzKMQNR5RNFeGrZKCNT5szG7xocsbPCrBFwtCFJQcWmHNWfo.gif" width="631" /></a></h1><h1> </h1><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;"> </div><h1>CATEGORY---B</h1><h1> </h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ARXsof80fG3dXdDngZJJzT06gI2tB6aW/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download Mega File (Searchable)</a></h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"> </h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; 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<span face=""Calibri",sans-serif" style="color: black; mso-ansi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-themecolor: text1;">1</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi54OaY3lvrJgpREFiC-47lNbrqhzAbfRB6_JQpYZ84o08wupNXLNoxgxUL7c12hgDHxDaNOyh0cOSLcQyLky7GHVmRjDpa5R7HVHFHef-Dq2YXOMinK9HKUpUMfI22FLHcj95pM76bQDFAnElkMCEutyhYn-S2gvoWQlZLrF7vfOOLYcceb_4jdjasSQ/s1280/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="1280" height="324" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi54OaY3lvrJgpREFiC-47lNbrqhzAbfRB6_JQpYZ84o08wupNXLNoxgxUL7c12hgDHxDaNOyh0cOSLcQyLky7GHVmRjDpa5R7HVHFHef-Dq2YXOMinK9HKUpUMfI22FLHcj95pM76bQDFAnElkMCEutyhYn-S2gvoWQlZLrF7vfOOLYcceb_4jdjasSQ/w576-h324/2.jpg" width="576" /></a></div> <div style="text-align: left;"> </div><div style="text-align: left;">

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">1.       The
leader creates a
community of shared values.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">2.       Behavioural theories
deal with behaviour of leaders.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">3.       Leadership
is strictly a people- centered
work.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">4.       The
role of a leader is to
get others to achieve an objective willingly.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">5.       Leadership is the
ability of influencing people to strive willingly for mutual objectives.

6.      
A
leader is full of new
ideas and believes in experimenting and creating new things.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">7.       leader has to be
the one who can appropriately set the tempo.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">8.       The
most powerful tool in a leader’s toolbox is vision.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">9.       Leaders
make followers and the managers look for subordinates.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">10.   Manager is the main
control of the firm.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">11.   There
are three levels of
management: top, middle and low level

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">12.   Loyal
customers and employees from an integral part of Resources

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">13.   In
the effective school, staff believes
and demonstrates that all students can master the essential school Skills.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">14.   The
core ideas of Classical
schools of management include application of science to practice of management.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">15.   Max weber (1905)
developed the seminal “bureaucracy” theory, a formalized and idealized view of
organizations. It is based on 6
major principles:

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">16.   If
anything goes wrong, then it will be the Leader who will ask the question in what and why as s/he has to
answer the higher-ups.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">17.   It
is understanding what is needed, in terms of human and other resources, to
achieve success and developing the plan to achieve it is known as Situation.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">18.   Input are the
resources from the environment

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">19.   Output is the
product or service exported to the environment

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">20.   The
process of converting resources within the system into product or service is throughout.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">21.   Hierarchy
of Need (Motivation) Theory was presented by Abraham Maslow in 1954.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">22.   John Woodward argued that
technology and production system were critical aspects of organizational design.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">23.   Students
must feel secure in
their school community so that their energies can be applied to learning.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">24.   Teachers
at effective schools are aware of limited instruction time and create a syllabus with that in mind.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">25.   Effective
schools can be good schools and good schools can be effective schools-but two are not necessarily the
same. (Carl Gickman, 1987)

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">26.   Fred Edward Fiedler (1967)
argued that leadership effectiveness was dependent (contingent) upon two
interacting factors, leadership style and situational favourableness.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">27.   The
principal can make a mission effective by being Persistent and energetic in sharing her vision with
faculty.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">28.   Neo Classical School of Management
deals with Human Relations and Behavioural.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">29.   Human
Relation Theory comes under the domain of Neo Classical School of Management.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">30.   Neo-classical
school of management relates to people.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">31.   In
an effective school, the students & the staff are full of respect for each other.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">32.   Resources consist of
people, their skills, know-how and experience, machinery, raw materials,
computers and IT, parents, financial capital and loyal customers and employees.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">33.   The
Neo-classical thought emerged in reaction against the Scientific Theory of Management, which stressed
upon “Standardization”
of jobs, processes and technologies to maximize economic yield.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">34.   Behavioural
theorists viewed employees ae individuals – resources and assets to be
developed and worked with – not as machines, as in the past.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">35.   According
to Trait Theory, People
are born with inherited traits.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">36.   Modern
school of management is about environment.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">37.   Four Functions
of Management 1. Planning 2. Organizing 3. Leading 4. Controlling

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">38.   Articulation
and application of
specific principles of management.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">39.   The
mangers at different
levels are given specific functions
which are properly coordinated.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">40.   Early
forms of management
concepts have been applied throughout history in order to progress as a
society.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">41.   Leadership
is a process by which a person influences others to accomplish an objective and
directs the organization in a way that makes it more cohesive and coherent.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">42.   The
seminal “bureaucracy” theory, a formalized and idealized view of organizations
is based on 6 major
principles.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">43.   About 40 years ago, Dr.
Lezotte and his colleagues Ron Edmonds, Wilbur Brookover and other effective
school researchers identified the common characteristics of successful
schools-schools where all children learn.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">44.   Brymen
(1992) splits leadership research into four phases.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">45.   Three major
theories have emerged from a range of views on leadership. 1. Trait theories 2.
Behavioural and 3. Contingency

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">46.   A
measure of how efficiently and effectively managers use available resources is
Organized Efficiency.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">47.   An
effective mission emphasizes innovation
and improvement in providing learning for all

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">48.   Contingency Theories
relate to leadership in the context of specific situations.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">49.   He
further states that leadership styles are based on: The specific management situation and the
people the individual deals with most.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">50.   Management: The
function that coordinates the efforts of people to accomplish goals and
objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">51.   According
to Fayol, Managers need
specific roles in order to manage work and workers.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">52.   Fayol
named 6 functions/roles
of management. 1. Forecasting 2. Planning 3. Organizing 4. Commanding        5. Coordinating 6. Controlling (These
roles evolved into 14
principles of management.)

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">53.   Productivity
increases when workers
believe that they are being observed closely.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">54.   A
leader should be Diplomatic
and tactful.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">55.   Dealing
with complexity is the core of modern
management theory.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">56.   Behavioural
School is mainly concerned with motivation of workers.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">57.   Manager
chooses inappropriate goals to pursue, but make good use of resources to achieve
these goals high efficiency
and high effectiveness.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">58.   According
to Burke and Cooper
(2004) management is now based around knowledge workers.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">59.   Human
relation theory of management was presented by Elton Mayo.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">60.   Trial and error decisions is a
play-safe method before committing to anything.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">61.   One
Best way to organize all jobs in a business is a rule of Scientific Management

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">62.   Organization: A
structure unit of people who work together and coordinate their actions to
achieve a collective goal.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">63.   Which
option from the following is the set of research-based characteristics of a school’s
climate associated with improved and better student learning? Correlates

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">64.   Leaders
carry out this process by applying their leadership knowledge and skills. This is
called Process
Leadership.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">65.   In
a focused school there is clearly articulated mission through which the staff share an
understanding of and commitment to the instructional goals, priorities,
assessment procedures and accountability.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">66.   To
be a leader, a person must have a deep-rooted commitment to the goal that he will strive to
achieve it even if nobody follows him!

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">67.   In
the effective school, the principal
acts as an instructional leader and effectively and persistently communicates
the mission to the staff, parents and the students

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">68.   According
to Kotter for the success of organizations both are necessary: Leadership and management

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">69.   The
classical management
school was scientific, administrative and Bureaucratic.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">70.   Conceptual Skills: The
ability to analyse and diagnose a situation and distinguish between cause and effect.

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<h1 style="text-align: left;"> </h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VqNYMKd_1jZZnQ-Zcms-h1lGtT2fym2I/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download Quiz No-02</a></h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"> </h1><h1><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieEMW7ZqIWgnjR4Il_se1kkwctJOvYe8W8vgeFlXp77MSe9bGDNK6vRgOGrYnTWe89wR3frPjJxCLGtngiGLyudKEvT6cu7lSmB0__tKB7StKplLnTVcplerEtZ_p9jVYppMy0lLaCEMPCwFrreKsvMJP6hi4U7B0nocq6B3SzMDG21dcoScX_4V3BVQ/s1092/screenshot-2022-03-03-at-12-00-13_orig.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="615" data-original-width="1092" height="362" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieEMW7ZqIWgnjR4Il_se1kkwctJOvYe8W8vgeFlXp77MSe9bGDNK6vRgOGrYnTWe89wR3frPjJxCLGtngiGLyudKEvT6cu7lSmB0__tKB7StKplLnTVcplerEtZ_p9jVYppMy0lLaCEMPCwFrreKsvMJP6hi4U7B0nocq6B3SzMDG21dcoScX_4V3BVQ/w645-h362/screenshot-2022-03-03-at-12-00-13_orig.png" width="645" /></a></h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"> </h1>

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<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">1.       According
to Benjamin Franklin,
if you fail to plan you are planning to fail.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">2.       Contingency theory
views leadership as being more flexible.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">3.       Mediocre
organizations never sustain the breakthrough momentum.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">4.       Task oriented leadership
puts structures in place, plans, organizes and monitors.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">5.      
Task
oriented leadership focuses
exclusively on getting the job done.

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therefore turned to examine how leadership is affected as the situation varies

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Lewin and his co researchers conducted the first major study of leadership
styles in 1939.

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A leadership style is a leader’s style
of providing direction,
implementing plans and motivating
people.

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Mcber (1999) advises that leadership styles are the ways in which the leader: listens, sets goals and standards,
develops action plans, directs others and gives feedback.

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faire is a French word and stands for non-interference in the affairs of the
others.

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In Laissez-fair
style, the leader allows
free reign to the employees and let them make decisions.

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Laissez-fair style is not ideal in
situations where group members lack the knowledge or the experience, they need to complete
tasks and make decisions.

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In
Autocratic style the
leader does not take the advice of his employees.

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The autocratic leader uses this style
when s/he directly states the decision without asking the team members.

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Autocratic
leaders Make unilateral
decisions.

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Autocratic
leaders Can create
demotivation and alienation of staff.

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Autocratic (Authoritarian Leadership) is a
leader who is bossy and uses fear and threats to get the jobs done.

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An autocratic leader uses this because
there is not enough time
and the members ran out of ideas.

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Transformational leader envisions
a compelling future
(Vision).

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Transformational Leader enables
inspired action through teams
(Collaboration)

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A democratic leader is Consultative.

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Democratic Leader involves the groups in
decision making.

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Laissez-faire leaders give the group complete
freedom.

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In Bureaucratic Leadership, Leaders follow rules
rigorously and ensure that their people follow procedures preciously.

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A democratic leader helps improve motivation and involvement.

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In Democratic (Participative Leadership) a leader is
not expected to know everything and this is why you employ knowledgeable and
skilled people.

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Democratic (Participative) leadership improves the
sharing of experiences and ideas
within the business.

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Democratic (Participative) leadership Style is
used when there is enough
time.

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The new leadership approach includes
charismatic and Transformational leadership.

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Transformational leadership may be a
personality trait rather than behavior
that can be developed.

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Paternalistic
leadership is rooted in a
leadership method that comprises strict discipline and authority.

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Paternalistic leader has high concern for
production, use of rewards for compliance and loyalty.

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Transactional
leadership Focuses on the
basic management process of controlling, organizing and short-term planning.

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Transactional leader works through
creating well-defined structures and makes it clear as to what is required of
their subordinates.

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Transactional leadership is based on
the premise that people are motivated by reward and punishment.

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Social systems work best with a clear
chain of command in transactional leadership Style.

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Transactional leaders ensure followers
loyalty through rewards.

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Burns
(1978) was the first who
identifies the transformational leadership.

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James
MacGregor Burns (1978) identified
the transformational leadership style.

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The concept of transformational
leadership was introduced by Burns
in 1978.

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Transformational leadership is needed
in educational institution on which a moral foundation of legitimate values must rest (BASS, 1999)

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Transformational
Leadership style is
focused on effecting revolutionary change in organizations through a commitment
to the organization’s vision.

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Transformational leadership helps in
setting clear and adequately high-performance standards for schools and
teachers and exercises to avoid too much of memorization.

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The most prominent of these and the
one used most often is Bass’
theory of transformational and transactional leadership. (Yukl, 1999)

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Transformational </a>leadership empowers Professional development.

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Transformational leadership style sets SMART goals for
everyone.

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A Transformational leader can build
trust with people by being open
and honest in the interactions.

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Transformational leadership style constantly sells the
vision and build a strong network of high potential.

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In
transformational decision making the decision reflects on the common good but not the
individual good.

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Transformational leaders realize that
nothing significant happens unless they Encourage their people.

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A transformational leader transcends his own interests
for the good of the company.

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Multiple
objectives can be
achieved through transformational leadership.

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A skilled team is created when people
are helped to their own
solutions and their self-confidence

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A skilled team is created when people
are helped by letting them
find their own solutions.

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To prompt Idealized influence,
Transformational leader has to act
as strong role model.

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To motivate employees,
Transformational leadership appeals to the employees self-interest.

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Bass (1985) identified
transformational leadership as motivating followers by appealing to their self- interest.

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Human
resource development is
an essential part of business acumen of a transformational leader.

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Inspirational motivation can be
achieved by transformational leaders by Communicating high expectation.

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Burns argues that leaders should strive for
a transformational leadership only.

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Bass argues that leaders can and should be
both transactional and transformational and that a combination of these two is
the most successful kind.

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In order to become more productive a
leader uses a delegative style with a worker who knows more about the job than
the leader.

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Charismatic leader is self-confident and can
attract followers by his great influence.

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Charismatic Leader gather follower through
strength of personality and charm, rather than any form of external power or
authority.

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The first step in the process of
Transformational Leadership is Development
of the Vision.

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The leader knows the problem, but does
not have all the information, uses a participative style with a team of workers who know their jobs.

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According to behavioral theory every person is equally likely
to be a good leader with proper training.

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The paradox relates with holding the combination of complementary
in level 5 leader.

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He further
states that leadership styles are based on the specific management situation and the people the individuals
deal with most.

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A commitment
to the vision of the organization
is the critical feature of transformational leadership for bringing
revolutionary change in the organization.

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Level
5 leadership is a
necessary element for taking an organization from good to great – but it’s not
the only one.

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Level 5 leadership is not the only element for
taking an organization from good to great.

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Level 5 leaders are keen on developing
a successor with similar characteristics as theirs to ensure that company progresses
even after they are gone.

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The concept of Level 5 leadership was
proposed by Jim Collins
in 2005.

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A Level 5 leader is modest and
willful, shy and fearless.

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">76.  
Level
5 leaders have ambition
not for themselves but for their organizations.

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Good to great leaders confront the
most brutal facts of
their current reality, with absolute faith that they will prevail in the end.

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Trait theory and behaviourism are two similar approaches to
questions about effective leadership. They both see leadership as an objective
set of qualities or actions that must be mastered.

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The leader’s ability to lead is
contingent upon various situational factors, including the leader’s preferred style, the
capabilities and behaviours of followers and also various others situational
factors

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">80.  
Becoming a leader, according to the
behaviourist school of thought, is just a matter of proper training, while trait

<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12.0pt; margin: 12pt 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">81.  
theory holds that a leader must have
certain inherent, innate
qualities.

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Cognitive
Biases: The individual’s
thinking patterns based on his/ her observations and conclusions that may sometimes
lead to false assumptions, wrong judgments, and faulty reasoning

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Goal is a specific result to be achieved;
the end result of a plan.

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Specific results toward which effort
is directed is called Objectives.

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Planning is the process of setting goals and
courses of action, developing rules and procedures, and forecasting future
outcomes.

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Actions is the means, or specific activities,
that are planned to achieve the objectives.

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There are three levels of plans. – Strategic – Tactical – Operational

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Strategic plans are only made by top managers.

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The plans that directly support the
implementation of strategic plans are called tactical plans.

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The plans that includes day to day
activities of the organization are called Operational plans.

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Alternative courses of action to be
followed in the event of unexpected environmental shifts, comes under Contingency Plans.

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Succession
Planning: They want to
see their organizations become even more successful in the next generation

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Task
oriented leadership can
be quite autocratic.

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People
oriented Leadership (Opposite
of task oriented) focuses on organizing, supporting and developing the people
and participative-leads to team work and creative collaboration. It can lead to
failure if taken to extreme.

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The main similarity is that both (Trait
and Behaviour Theory) approaches emphasize that there are identifiable actions that any leader must
be capable of doing in any given situation.

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Behaviourism is a “trait” in the sense that it,
too, holds that leaders must show certain common personality makers or habits
of mind.

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The behavioural management theory is also known as the
human relations movement

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The leadership level immediately below
the level 5 leadership is called effective leader and works towards reinforcing follower’s
commitment to a compelling vision.

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A family that is weak willed and known
for letting people take advantage of them will develop the habits of assertiveness

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The
effective school allocates and protects a significant amount of time for instruction of the
essential curricular areas.

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The Y-axis of leadership style matrix
defines the programmability
of the task.

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The focus is gradually shifting from
individual learning to organizational
learning.

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A vision is of no use on its own: it
needs to become reality.

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Processing
Phase: determine
alternatives & evaluate for best option.

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People who make good learners have the
right or sufficient combination of traits.

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Experimental Decisions involves certainty
and assurance of the initial results before a final decision is made.

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The fox knows a little about many things.

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Group decisions are also known as consensus.

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Make
the Decision is a
critical step-in decision-making process.

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Vision is one of the necessary requirements
for effective leadership.

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According to the Great Man Theory - Leaders
are born and not made.

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An organization combines functional and
divisional chains of command in a grid so that there are two command
structures—vertical and horizontal – used for projects. Tilts is Matrix organizational structure.

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Henry
Gantt (1910-1915)- Project
Scheduling - The Gantt Chart - An apprentice and associate of Frederick Taylor,
he designed a project scheduling model for increasing the efficiency of project
execution and completion.

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Situational theory tends to focus more
on the behaviours that
the leader should adapt, given situational factors (often about follower
behaviour).

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Being a provocateur is a leadership
attribute which is mostly in disagreement.

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The factor which is affected by some
other factors is known as dependent
variable

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The factor which is not affected by
some other factors is known as Independent
variable

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Delivery of vision demands management
by Walking around.

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System
Management Theory is the Transforming
inputs into outputs and receiving feedback.

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Kotter (1990), claims that leadership is
different from management.

</div><div style="text-align: left;">

<h1 style="text-align: left;"><a href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/1VlQYu4h6H3B86puifzI5dvpNkX69COXb/view?usp=sharing" target="_blank">Download Quiz No-03</a></h1><h1 style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXIWBqMVP8TVpZBDhg9gG8mOOa-Rf0Pcj7qclW84BD4O06xU2bc27TwYS0N30cEt3qXT4J8Vj2yv0obALJlE6U2jfNdgoizfa-oz9HtCUagJNO0320zIdS2hASdFl7ulY1VjUhxXbdcLnymK9soO7wxccR3Jlyowcf7opIGWwJUuSRnulkhXEB7LoX_g/s500/3.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="333" data-original-width="500" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgXIWBqMVP8TVpZBDhg9gG8mOOa-Rf0Pcj7qclW84BD4O06xU2bc27TwYS0N30cEt3qXT4J8Vj2yv0obALJlE6U2jfNdgoizfa-oz9HtCUagJNO0320zIdS2hASdFl7ulY1VjUhxXbdcLnymK9soO7wxccR3Jlyowcf7opIGWwJUuSRnulkhXEB7LoX_g/w613-h408/3.png" width="613" /></a></div> </h1><div style="text-align: justify;">

1

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Command group is a type of Formal group.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">2.     
A group voluntarily or spontaneously
formed by its members rather than by the organization is called informal group.</div>

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The group formed by an organization to
accomplish narrow range of purposes within a specified time are Task group.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">4.      The manager's primary tool for determining whether instructions
have been understood and accepted is Feedback.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">5.     
Social gathering and small group networks
are examples of informal
communication channels.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">6.     
There are three types of organizational control. 1.
Feed-forward 2. Concurrent 3. Feedback.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">7.     
There are two ways of Comparing Results with Objectives and
Standards. Historical/relative and benchmarking.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">8.     
Managers need to measure progress, offer feedback
and direct their teams to succeed.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">9.     
Group member roles and responsibilities
are clearly established during the norming stage.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">10. 
Selfishness in a manager such as using
power gain, is often associated with immoral managers.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">11. 
Expert power is closely related to a climate of
trust.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">12. 
Coercive
power may lead to
temporary compliance by subordinates.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">13. 
When a bank robber points a gun at a bank
employee, his base of power is coercive.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">14. 
In adjourning group has completed its work.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">15. 
Reward works for excellent performance through
opportunities.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">16. 
Input
Standards measure work
efforts that go into a performance task (e.g.training)</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">17. 
Jeffery inspires leaders to seek power through evidence-based
management.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">18. 
While managing political behaviors in
organization, the manager requires discouraging self interest.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">19. 
The main component of the communication
model includes all of the following except premack principle.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">20. 
The power that originates from a right by
virtue of organizational hierarchy is which of the following: position.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">21. 
Budgeting is more of a bargaining game to acquire
additional funding and less of a planning tool</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">22. 
Monetary
rewards include
increase in pay, profit sharing, bonuses, staff discounts, company shares, etc.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">23. 
Regulatory process that directs the
activities of an organization to achieve anticipated goals and standards is
called Management Control.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">24. 
Motivation is the drives within a person that
account for the degree, direction and persistence of the effort spent at work</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">25. 
A threatened strike action by a labour
union to force the management to accept their demands is an example of Coercive power.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">26. 
Of the following, which is a purpose not
served by communication in organizations’? All of the above are purposes served by communication.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">27. 
Organizational
behavior is the study
of factors which profoundly affect how people and groups act, think, feel, and
respond to work and organizations.</div>

<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .25in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; margin: 0in 0in 0in 0.25in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">28. 
Mr.Danish has a job which pays an
excellent salary. He has a good relationship with his peers and his
supervisors. He also likes the fact that the company policy fits well with what
he personally believes, and that he has received considerable recognition for
his achievements at the company. Which of these factors is 'MOST likely'
responsible for the fact that Danish loves his job? Recognition for his achievements</div>

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EDU602 Educational Leadership and Management

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